وفّر 50٪ من خلال الاشتراك السنوي في مجرة واحصل على تصفح لا محدود لأفضل محتوى عربي على الإنترنت.
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هي اضطراب صحي يحدث عندما يقوم الجسم بإفراز مفرط لهرمون الكورتيزول خلال فترة طويلة من الزمن، ويُطلق على الكورتيزول أحياناً اسم "هرمون التوتر" لأنه يساعد الجسم على الاستجابة للتوتر وتنظيم ضغط الدم.
تُقدَّر نسبة المصابين بمتلازمة كوشينغ بنحو 10-15 حالة مقابل مليون شخص كل عام، وتمثل أورام الغدة النخامية أكثر من 70% من الحالات لدى البالغين ونحو 60-70% من الحالات لدى الأطفال والمراهقين.
قام جراح الأعصاب الأميركي رافي كوشينغ بوصف المرض في عام 1932، حيث لاحظ ظهور صفات مميزة لعدة حالات سريرية، ومنها السمنة غير الطبيعية في الوجه والجذع ووجود ورم في الغدة النخامية.
قد تسبب متلازمة كوشينغ ظهور الأعراض التالية:
يعتمد تشخيص متلازمة كوشينغ على عدة نواحٍ منها:
يعد خفض مستويات الكورتيزول في الجسم الهدف الأساسي لعلاج متلازمة كوشينغ، إما عن طريق الأدوية مثل:
أو عن طريق تعديل نظام الحياة من خلال إنقاص الوزن وتجنب الكحول وخفض سكر الدم والتقليل من كمية الملح التي يتم استهلاكها في الطعام، والحصول على ما يكفي من الكالسيوم وفيتامين د.
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