وفّر 50٪ من خلال الاشتراك السنوي في مجرة واحصل على تصفح لا محدود لأفضل محتوى عربي على الإنترنت.
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هو عنصر كيميائي معدني لونه أبيض فضي مع سحنة ذهبية خفيفة، ويعد صلباً ومقاوماً للأكسدة والتآكل، ويمتلك النيكل موصلية كهربائية وحرارية عالية.
تم عزل معدن النيكل لأول مرة في عام 1751 بواسطة الكيميائي السويدي وعالم المعادن بارون أكسل فريدريك كرونستدت، حيث حصل عليه من خام النيكوليت (زرنيخ النيكل).
يتوافر النيكل بضعف كمية النحاس الموجود في القشرة الأرضية، وتبلغ نسبته نحو 0.007% منها.
يتميز النيكل بالمواصفات التالية:
من أهم استخدامات النيكل ما يلي:
يعتبر النيكل عنصراً غذائياً من العناصر الصغرى الضروري للنشاط الهرموني في الجسم، ويشارك في عملية التمثيل الغذائي للدهون، ويدخل إلى جسم الإنسان عن طريق الجهاز التنفسي والجهاز الهضمي والجلد.
يتم الحصول على النيكل من نوعين رئيسيين من الرواسب هما:
يُعتقد أن النيكل في كندا مصدره نيزك ضخم هبط على سطح الأرض منذ آلاف السنين، قطره يتراوح بين 10 و16 كيلومتراً الفضاء ويوجد في أونتاريو.
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