وفّر 50٪ من خلال الاشتراك السنوي في مجرة واحصل على تصفح لا محدود لأفضل محتوى عربي على الإنترنت.
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البراكين (Volcanos): هي فتحة في القشرة الأرضية تندفع منها الحمم البركانية والرماد البركاني والغازات، بفعل الانفجارات البركانية الناتجة جزئياً عن ضغط الغاز المذاب، بسبب ارتفاع الصهارة السائلة التي تحتوي على غازات مذابة من خلال الشقوق في قشرة الأرض. ينخفض الضغط، ما يسمح للغازات بتكوين فقاعات. وتحدث أكثر الثورانات البركانية في أماكن التقاء الألواح التكتونية التي تؤلف قشرة الأرض.
تدعى الصخور الساخنة التي تندفع من باطن الأرض نحو السطح بـ "الماغما" (Magma)، وحال خروجها من البركان تصبح حمماً بركانية وتعرف بـ "لافا" (Lava)، والتي قد تصل درجة حرارتها إلى 1,000 درجة مئوية، وعندما تبرد تتصلب مشكلةً الصخور.
من أنواع البراكين:
تخلف البراكين العديد من الآثار السلبية على البيئة منها:
مواضيع ذات صلة:
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